Energy storage battery-assisted frequency regulation based on dynamic frequency stability domain
摘要
随着风电渗透率持续提升,电力系统等效惯量与调频容量显著降低,电网频率稳定性劣化问题突出.传统双馈风电机组运行于最大功率跟踪模式,缺乏惯量支撑与主动调频能力,难以独立参与电网调频;储能系统响应速度快,但受容量与成本约束,无法大规模单独应用.针对不同风速与扰动工况下风电机组调频能力不足的问题,提出风储协同调频优化方法,结合转子动能特性与功率安全约束,建立风机调频能力量化方法及动态频率稳定域模型.针对储能荷电状态(SOC)波动问题,提出SOC自适应系数控制策略及电量自恢复机制,抑制电池过充过放.构建的风机为主、储能为辅的动态协同调频策略,可通过稳定域动态划分出力边界,提升高风电渗透率电网的频率动态稳定性.
With the continuous increase of wind power penetration,the equivalent inertia and frequency regulation capacity of power systems are significantly reduced,leading to prominent deterioration of grid frequency stability.Traditional doubly-fed induction generators(DFIGs)operate in the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)mode without inertia support and active frequency regulation capacity,so they cannot independently participate in grid joint frequency regulation.Energy storage batteries feature fast response,yet they cannot be applied on a large scale alone due to constraints of capacity and cost.To address the insufficient frequency regulation capacity of wind turbines under different wind speeds and disturbance conditions,the coordinated frequency regulation optimization method for wind-storage systems is suggested.Combined with rotor kinetic energy characteristics and power safety constraints,a quantification method for the frequency regulation capacity of wind turbines and a dynamic frequency stability domain model are established.To address the fluctuation of the state of charge(SOC)of energy storage batteries,an SOC adaptive control strategy and a self-recovery mechanism for energy are proposed,which mitigate the overcharging and over-discharging of batteries.A dynamic coordinated frequency regulation strategy dominated by wind turbines and supplemented by energy storage batteries is constructed.The output power boundaries of wind turbines and energy storage batteries are dynamically divided via the stability domain,which improves the dynamic frequency stability of power grids with high wind power penetration.