Previous studies on regional and urban economic resilience have mainly focused on the manufacturing sector,mainly adopting aggregate indicators from a holistic regional economic lens.This approach,however,ignores the core driving force of modern urban economies:modern services.Against the dual background of rising global economic uncertainty and China's transition to high-quality develop-ment,integrating modern services into the analytical framework of urban economic resilience carries im-portant theoretical implications and practical policy value.Using 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)as case studies,this study combines the theoretical lens of relational resilience with the charac-teristics of modern services to establish a four-dimensional analytical framework covering the real econo-my,modern services,endogenous evolution and external linkages.Based on principal component analysis and a panel fixed-effects model,this study measures the economic resilience of the sampled cities from 2008 to 2023,investigates their spatiotemporal evolutionary patterns,and examines the differentiated driving factors of resilience underpinned by the internal structure of modern services.The results show that,1)urban economic resilience in the YRD presents a spatial pattern of"dual-core dominance of Shanghai and Nanjing,layered gradient coordination and underperforming peripheral areas",and intra-regional disparities show a trend of first expanding and then gradually narrowing.2)The impacts of the internal structure of modern services on economic resilience exhibit notable functional heterogeneity,in which public service-oriented sectors(primarily encompassing government governance and institutional capacity)act as the core driver shaping regional economic resilience at present.3)The influencing mechanisms of resilience show gradient heterogeneity:low-resilience cities rely heavily on government-enabled support,medium-resilience cities are in an adaptive stage of endogenous accumula-tion,and high-resilience cities follow an evolutionary path dominated by public services.Accordingly,this study puts forward targeted and context-specific policy pathways for cities at different levels.This re-search effectively addresses the limitations of traditional evolutionary perspectives that neglect external network linkages,and provides a scientific reference for fully understanding the mechanistic pathways and policy formulation of regional economic resilience driven by modern services.