环境DNA宏条形码技术在养殖池塘鱼类生态监测中的应用
Application of environmental DNA macro-Barcoding technology in ecological monitoring of fish populations in aquaculture ponds
摘要
为评估环境DNA宏条形码技术在养殖池塘鱼类多样性监测中的适用性及其受有机质背景和扩增竞争的影响,本研究选取集约化单养塘、生态混养塘和稻渔综合种养塘三种典型模式,利用Tele02引物进行高通量测序,并与放养记录比对分析.结果表明,该技术能稳定检出所有主养物种,且在混养塘和稻渔塘中额外发现了拉网遗漏的小型野杂鱼类;但在集约化单养条件下,主养品种的序列占比被显著放大,低丰度物种出现漏检,扩增竞争明显扭曲了定量关系.研究认为,环境DNA宏条形码技术在物种定性甄别层面已较为可靠,能够提升本底调查的完整性,适合作为传统拉网调查的补充工具用于生态环境监测.
To evaluate the applicability of environmental DNA macrobarcoding technology in monito-ring fish diversity in aquaculture ponds and its influence from organic matter background and amplifi-cation competition,three typical farming systems were selected:intensive single-species ponds,eco-logical mixed-species ponds,and integrated rice-fish co-culture ponds.High-throughput sequen-cing using Tele02 primers was performed and results were compared with stocking records.The find-ings demonstrate that this technique reliably detects all major species,while additionally identifying small wild fish species missed by traditional gillnet surveys in mixed-species and rice-fish ponds.However,under intensive single-species conditions,sequence representation of dominant species be-comes significantly amplified,low-abundance species are often missed,and amplification competition substantially distorts quantitative relationships.This study concludes that environmental DNA macro-barcoding is highly reliable for species identification,enhances baseline survey completeness,and serves as a valuable supplementary tool to traditional gillnet surveys in ecological monitoring.
年，卷(期)：
2026, (7)
分类号：
S964
机标分类号：
X835
S932.4
D669.5
在线出版日期：
2026年7月30日
