From bioinks to living matter:bioprinting enters the"pure cell"era
摘要
The development of tissue engineering and bioprinting has con-sistently revolved around a central objective:to construct in vitro artificial systems that approximate native tissues as closely as pos-sible in terms of chemical structure,composition,physical shape and biological function[1].Nevertheless,despite continuous improvements in printing resolution and the rapid expansion of available material systems,many engineered tissue models still reproduce tissue architecture more readily than higher-order func-tional behaviors.A persistent challenge is that many in vitro con-structs do not yet fully recapitulate key features of living tissues in vivo,particularly high cellular density,intimate cell-cell con-tacts,and the collective behaviors that arise from such interactions[2].Spatial dilution and functional isolation prevent many key physiological phenomena from arising spontaneously,revealing a structural constraint in current tissue engineering paradigms beyond technical immaturity.
年，卷(期)：
2026, 71(10)
机标分类号：
TP301.6
G252
G350
在线出版日期：
2026年7月23日
