生物质光热材料的蒸发耐盐性能
Evaporation and Salt Tolerance Performance of Biomass Photothermal Materials
摘要
伴随全球淡水资源短缺问题日益严峻以及化石能源的快速消耗,开发一种可持续、环境友好且高效的淡水生产技术成为了当前研究的热点.太阳能界面蒸发技术凭借其高效、低能耗和绿色环保的优势,成为解决淡水短缺的重要研究方向之一.为此,以土豆作为生物质碳材料的原料,通过人工开孔设计并制备了具有三维垂直水通道的多孔碳蒸发器,结合天然的蜂窝状孔隙结构,有效改善了材料的水传输路径和蒸发界面的热分布.结果表明,该材料在1 kW/m2 光照下的蒸发速率为1.43 kg/(m2·h),转化效率高达97%,显著优于未开孔处理的碳材料.此外在20 wt%NaCl高盐溶液中持续蒸发6 h,该材料仍然保持1.13 kg/(m2·h)的蒸发速率和83.8%的转化效率,这说明三维水通道的设计有效延缓了盐离子的堆积,保持了较好的蒸发稳定性和耐盐性能.
With the increasingly serious problem of global freshwater shortage and the rapid consumption of fossil energy,the development of a sustainable,environmentally friendly and efficient freshwater production technology has become a hot research topic.Solar interfacial evaporation technology has become one of the important research directions to solve the freshwater shortage due to its advantages of high efficiency,low energy consumption and green environment.Herein,a porous carbon evaporator with 3D vertical water channels was designed and prepared by artificially opening holes by using potato as the raw material of biomass carbon material.The evaporator incorporated a natural honeycomb pore structure that effectively improved the material's water transport path and heat distribution at the evaporation interface.The results showed that the evaporation rate of the material under 1 kW/m2 was 1.43 kg/(m2·h)with a conversion efficiency of 97%,which was significantly better than that of the carbon material without open-pore treatment.In addition,the material still maintained an evaporation rate of 1.13 kg/(m2·h)and a conversion efficiency of 83.8%after continuous evaporation in 20%NaCl high-salt solution for 6 h.This result indicates that the design of the three-dimensional water channels effectively retarded the accumulation of salt ions,and maintained a better evaporation stability and salt resistance performance.
年，卷(期)：
2026, 52(9)
分类号：
TQ127.11
P747
机标分类号：
TV213.4
TM914.4
O643.36
在线出版日期：
2026年10月12日
基金项目：
2025JC-YBQN-727:陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目，
