智能化颈椎外科的发展现状与挑战
Current advances and challenges of artificial intelligence in cervical spine surgery
摘要
人工智能（AI）在医学领域的应用迅速拓展，并在影像分析、风险预测和辅助决策等方面显示出潜力。由于疾病谱复杂、临床决策高度依赖经验判断，AI在颈椎外科具有较大的应用前景。然而，现有研究多停留在回顾性建模与技术验证阶段，其临床可用性和可推广性仍然有限。该文从临床问题导向出发，系统梳理AI在颈椎外科中的主要应用场景与发展趋势，并重点分析其在因果推断、数据质量、多中心协作以及法律与伦理等方面面临的挑战，旨在为AI在颈椎外科中的规范化应用提供理性参考。
Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly expanded its applications in medicine, demonstrating potential in imaging analysis, risk prediction, and decision support. Owing to the complexity of disease patterns and the experience-dependent nature of clinical decision-making, AI holds considerable promise in cervical spine surgery. However, most existing studies remain focused on retrospective modeling and technical validation, with limited evidence supporting clinical usability and generalizability. From a clinically driven perspective, this review summarizes the major application scenarios and developmental trends of AI in cervical spine surgery, and highlights key challenges related to causal inference, data quality, multi-center collaboration, and legal and ethical considerations, aiming to provide a rational basis for the standardized application of AI in this field.
年，卷(期)：
2026, 106(40)
在线出版日期：
2026年11月3日
