不同硅肥处理对水稻植株各器官镉积累的影响
Effects of Different Silicon Fertilizer Treatments on Cadmium Accumulation in Various Organs of Rice Plants
摘要 为探明不同硅肥处理对水稻植株各器官镉积累的影响,以常规稻筑香 19 和三系杂交稻宜香优 2115 为试验材料,在总施硅量(SiO2)为 3 000 kg/hm2 的条件下设置 5 个处理,分别为CK(不施硅)、Si1(移栽期一次性施硅)、Si2(移栽期、拔节期、抽穗期按 5∶2∶3 的比例分次施硅)、Si3(拔节期、抽穗期按 4∶6 的比例分次施硅)、Si4(拔节期、抽穗期按 6∶4 的比例分次施硅),开展大田试验.结果表明,各施硅处理均能降低水稻拔节期、抽穗期、成熟期地上部各器官的镉含量,抽穗期和成熟期地上部各器官的镉积累量,水稻根向地上部各器官(茎、叶、稻壳、枝梗和糙米)与地上部各器官(茎、叶、稻壳、枝梗)向糙米的镉转运系数,以及水稻各器官(根、茎、叶、稻壳、枝梗和糙米)的镉富集指数.各施硅处理中,Si2 处理的降镉效果更佳,筑香 19 和宜香优 2115 的糙米镉含量分别较CK显著降低 47.6%、48.0%;抽穗期根、茎、叶、穗、枝梗的镉含量分别较CK降低 4.0%和 3.6%、29.0%和 31.3%、38.8%和 43.0%、29.9%和 31.9%、28.6%和31.8%;成熟期根、茎、叶、稻壳、枝梗的镉含量分别较CK降低 8.4%和 10.6%、30.4%和 33.5%、36.2%和 37.1%、28.2%和31.8%、34.1%和36.8%;根、茎、叶、稻壳、枝梗、糙米的镉富集指数分别较CK降低7.6%和8.7%、13.6%和17.6%、27.8%和 30.4%、28.6%和 29.4%、25.0%和 26.3%、47.1%和 50.0%.此外,Si2 处理下,稻壳、枝梗、叶和茎向糙米的镉转运系数降幅也为各施硅处理中最大.综上所述,移栽期、拔节期、抽穗期按5∶2∶3的比例分次施硅具有较好的降镉效果.
Abstract:
To investigate the effects of different silicon fertilizer treatments on cadmium(Cd)accumulation in various organs of rice plants,the study conducted a field experiment with the conventional rice Zhuxiang 19 and three-line hybrid rice Yixiangyou 2115 as experimental materials.Five treatments were set up under a total silicon application rate(SiO2)of 3 000 kg/hm2:CK(no silicon application),Si1(one-time silicon application at the transplanting stage),Si2(split silicon application at the transplanting,jointing,and heading stages in a ratio of 5∶2∶3),Si3(split silicon application at the jointing and heading stages in a ratio of 4∶6),and Si4(split silicon application at the jointing and heading stages in a ratio of 6∶4).The results showed that all silicon application treatments reduced the Cd contents in various aboveground organs of rice at the jointing,heading,and maturity stages;Cd accumulations in various aboveground organs at the heading and maturity stages;Cd transport coefficients from roots to various aboveground organs(stems,leaves,rice husks,branches,and brown rice)and from various aboveground organs(stems,leaves,rice husks,and branches)to brown rice;and Cd enrichment indexes of various organs(roots,stems,leaves,rice husks,branches,and brown rice).Among the various silicon application treatments,Si2 treatment showed better effects in reducing Cd.Under Si2 treatment,the Cd contents in brown rice of Zhuxiang 19 and Yixiangyou 2115 were significantly lower than those under CK,with reductions of 47.6%and 48.0%,respectively;the Cd contents in roots,stems,leaves,panicles,and branches at the heading stage were 4.0%and 3.6%,29.0%and 31.3%,38.8%and 43.0%,29.9%and 31.9%,and 28.6%and 31.8%lower than those under CK,respectively;the Cd contents in roots,stems,leaves,rice husks,and branches at the maturity stage were 8.4%and 10.6%,30.4%and 33.5%,36.2%and 37.1%,28.2%and 31.8%,and 34.1%and 36.8%lower than those under CK,respectively;the Cd enrichment indexes of roots,stems,leaves,rice husks,branches,and brown rice were 7.6%and 8.7%,13.6%and 17.6%,27.8%and 30.4%,28.6%and 29.4%,25.0%and 26.3%,and 47.1%and 50.0%lower than those under CK,respectively.In addition,the decreases in the Cd transport coefficients from rice husks,branches,leaves,and stems to brown rice under Si2 treatment were also the greatest among various silicon application treatments.In conclusion,split silicon application at the transplanting,jointing,and heading stages in a ratio of 5∶2∶3 has a relatively better effect in reducing Cd.
刊 名 杂交水稻 ISTICPKU
年,卷(期): 2026, 41(5)
分类号: S511.4 S318
机标分类号: S511 S127 Q943
在线出版日期: 2026年10月21日
基金项目: :贵州省基础研究计划项目:黔农科院青年基金2024YFD1700203:国家重点研发计划2024YFD1700205:国家重点研发计划,